1970s, a movement within social psychology. B. low self-esteem Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. A. self-concept Give an example of self-fulfilling prophecy. What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? D. stress their individual accomplishments and uniqueness, D. stress their individual accomplishments and uniqueness, Goel et al. You and a friend are visiting a new city and would like to splurge and go out for a fine meal. D. the self-serving bias, The habit of using how we imagine another person perceiving us, as a mirror for perceiving ourselves, is referred to as: external attributions, internal attributions. Population. In informal surveys, people always overestimate the number of lesbians who have AIDS. This effect is due to, Hilder is on the so-called "South Beach diet", which restricts her from eating foods that are high in carbohydrates (e.g., white bread, potato chips, and pretzels). Jules and Jim are reading a book review about a book that both of them have read. C. self-serving bias B. raise; increase D. social comparison, Your best friend earned a grade of F on her latest physics exam, and believes it was because the professor wrote a very difficult exam. A. ourselves as superior to the competitor B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events. A. self-esteem A. a confederate C. possible self Deindividuation involves loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in a group situation that fosters arousal and anonymity. a. Suppose that you have a certain idea about what a tropical island should be like: It should be a tourist destination, have palm trees, enjoy a warm climate, and contain plenty of bars that serve cocktails with paper umbrellas. D. eventual self, According to Schwartz (2000; 2004), individualistic modern cultures have "an excess of freedom," which is positively correlated with: The belief that people can control totally chance situations is the. In part 2, be sure to explain how this example matches the effect you have chosen. This misconception seems to arise from __________, since plane crash fatalities tend to be widely publicized and are therefore relatively easy for people to bring to mind. C. worse about their appearance while speaking . take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures. Milgram's Electric Shock study tests the concept of obedience. Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson, Religion - Rituals & Violence & Scriptures &, American Government U.S. Constitution study G. In a famous early study in social psychology, fans of two rival football teams were asked to watch footage of an actual game that was very close. Shortage is caused by issues pertaining to real goods and. people who share The False Uniqueness Effect suggests that we are not so accurate after all. Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: C. independent D. undecided, John is about to become a father. (2010) found that Facebook users were _____ accurate in guessing when they agreed with their friends on political issues and _____ accurate in guessing disagreement. a stimulus that activates further processing of the same or related stimuli. When Maya was 3 years old, she was swarmed by bees. C. self-centered At the end of the reading program, he administers the same reading exam again. C. possible self On the day they arrive at his home to meet him, he greets them in ripped sweat pants and a stained T-shirt. ", In theory, it would be possible for a child to have a script of. counterfactual thinking. Paul's response demonstrates: Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. Some income from capital is taxed twice. Social Psychology Midterm - Flashcards Get access to high-quality and unique 50 000 college essay examples and more than 100 000 flashcards and test answers from around the world! D. learned helplessness, Which statement about predicting your own behaviors or relationships is TRUE? A. people in individualistic countries persist more when they are succeeding D. nothing, there terms are synonymous, B. narcissists lack an interest in others, According to Myers, we are prone to "impact bias," or _______ the impact of emotion-causing events (such as finding out the results after being tested for HIV). B. conservative -overestimate the degree to which others share their attitudes and opinions. C. possible selves 1 / 36. Ingrid is highly educated, nerdy, and outspoken. A. individualists; collectivists She makes $2000 from one of these investments, but loses $3000 on the other one. C. large, selective university b. She assumes that the students will stare at her and comment on her hair color. B. we are more vulnerable to depression D. punishment and distance ourselves from rewards. A. failure and distance ourselves from success You have just spent the afternoon volunteering in the post-anesthesia recovery unit at the local hospital, helping patients with a variety of ailments. The false consensus effect refers to the tendency for people to. However, researchers have also found that. A gain-framed appeal focuses on framing something in terms. Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of: When people engage in the gambler's fallacy, they. Comformity is a change in behavior, belief, or both, to conform to a group norm as a result of real or imagined group pressure. The Astroten study demonstrated the difference between what we think we will do and what we actually do in a given situation. What concept did Milgram's Electric Shock study test? That is, it can be __________ in different ways. C. the self-serving bias. This is an example of the: Amelia is highly embarrassed because she passed gas in class today. B. better about their speech and appearance Is the last flip more likely to be heads, more likely to be tails, or equally likely to be heads or tails? D. submission, Practice that forms new habits, albeit slowly, tends to change what type of attitudes? Coin tossing is a guessing game or by luck to see which comes up, heads or ta Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language. B. success and distance ourselves from failure. keep a lookout for anything that might remind them of the unwanted thought. D. self-serving bias, Studies of "affective forecasting" required participants to predict their future: Halfway through the second day Carmen was devastated; she wasn't even halfway done yet! This thought is an example of, The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as, Within the field of social cognition, scripts can be thought of as, A well-known test used in psychological research plays on the distinction between automatic and controlled processing. B. skill; chance B. small, non-competitive university Your answer should have 2 parts. D. Most psychology research has taken cultural differences into consideration. characteristics and abilities. D. learned helplessness, Political conservatives tend to be economic _______ and moral _______. Think of it like this. Juanita answers, "I am friendly, a student, and very religious." T/F The self-serving bias refers to people's tendency to think that others are more similar to them than they really are when it comes to their faults and weaknesses. This best illustrates the ____ effect. The false consensus effect, the illusory correlation, and the first instinct fallacy are all examples of topics in __________ research. C. fear When people encounter information that is at odds with an existing schema. D. commit less vandalism, In comparison to young people in the 1960s and 1970s, how do young people in the United States today view themselves? C. perform moderately well B. terror management theory By choosing (b), people are engaging in, The Stroop test can be thought of as a demonstration of. the tendency for people to assume that their faults are more common and widespread than they really are. A. false consensus. B. you can predict the fate of your relationships but not your behaviors A. strong C. false modesty Attitudes are evaluative reactions toward things, events, and other people. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like After reading a story in the local newspaper about a recent robbery in the downtown area, Kerry remarks, "I'm not surprised he was robbed. It is sometimes argued that excess cash held by a firm can aggravate agency problems (as discussed before) and, more generally, reduce incentives for shareholder wealth maximization. When confronted with his behavior he argues "Well, half the drivers in that lane are alone too." Consider a person betting on coin tosses, and the previous five outcomes were all Heads. B. social surroundings affect our self-awareness. Social psychology is interested in how the group affects the individual and vice-versa. If you have a schema about graduate students, then. Even though there are not many astronauts in the world, you might immediately assume that this person is an astronaut just because he or she fits your image of what an astronaut is like. With prices like that, we're bound to have a delicious meal!" B. external Moving to another question will save this response. She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. Attractive request -> more attractive request. -You are trying not to think about the fact that you made a fool of yourself at a party last weekend, but the more you try not to think about it, the more the thought keeps popping into your head. Why did the clown park his car in a red zone, where he might get a ticket? 90%; 41% As discussed in the textbook, research participants who read a story about a character named "Donald"a character who engages in skydiving, demolition derby driving, and other similar activitiestend to think that Donald is especially reckless when, -they have been primed with words like "dangerous" and "risky. D. remains constant. A. he is self-handicapping D. have no idea, Most people perceive themselves as: [3] B. experience more stress She had assumed that everyone felt as she did and supported her candidate's ideas. C. internal locus of control You flip a coin ten times in a row. C. self-esteem A. have more interdependent selves A. B. we are more vulnerable to depression D. explicit, An example of how social comparisons can actually breed misery, rather than satisfaction, is when we; -both as a result of graduate training involving statistical reasoning, and when they are encouraged to carefully consider different alternatives. C. more positively Which of the following is true? B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events Explain. These findings are consistent with a motivational interpretation that emphasizes the individual's need to justify or normalize stigmatized behavior and to bolster perceived self-competence. D. collectivists are more likely to downward social comparisons than individualists, D. collectivists are more likely to downward social comparisons than individualists, Research has found that when prisoners are given some control over their environments, such as being able to move chairs and operate the lights, they tend to: A. A. view others as superior It is the tendency to anticipate problems and motivate effective coping. A. internal A. specific; truthful If one person is "different" somehow, it allows other people to avoid conforming. Please upgrade to Cram Premium to create hundreds of folders! Suppose that Greg and Marsha both apply for a prestigious scholarship program, and both get rejected. B. self-schema; self-concept What is the difference between internal attribution and external attribution? Why is it that when we try not to think of something, we end up imagining exactly that? the tendencey to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and one's undesirable or unsuccessful behaviors. Most psychology research has been conducted by wealthy White Americans. A. the false uniqueness effect. then it is unclear what type of attributions people will make. The ultimate attribution error is similar to the fundamental attribution error except that it refers to attributions that are __________ as opposed to __________. A. planning fallacy Research indicates that __________ and __________ are the two main motivations underlying the self-serving bias. This bias is often measured by looking at the difference between estimates that people make about how many of their peers share a certain trait or behaviour and the actual . A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action. This shows our desire to gain the approval of and to avoid the disapproval of other people. This suggests that self-concepts become more individualized after visiting Western countries. Researchers have suggested that there are three main reasons why false consensus occurs: 3 . In Exercises 282828 through 353535, use a Taylor polynomial of specified degree nnn to approximate the indicated quantity. This is an example of: C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual, Greenberg (2008) argues that, to manage their fear of death and feel that their lives are not in vain, people seek to pursue self-esteem by meeting the standards of their society. B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events. A. liberal C. everyone does it! A false-uniqueness effect was found on the part of low-fear subjects, as they tended to underestimate the incidence of low fear among their peers. A. strong The first instinct fallacy refers to the false belief that it is better not to change one's first answer even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct. False Uniqueness Effect. C. self-efficacy That is, the smell of coconut oil __________ memories of your trip. They also thought: "These people only have themselves to blame; they really should have packed up when they heard the hurricane warnings." -interrupt the experimenter to get instructions. B. self-handicapping According to research on the actor-observer effect, people have a tendency to make relatively more __________ for their own behaviors but relatively more __________ for others' behaviors. It can also skew the way we predict how people make decisions or judge a certain situation. B. narcissists lack an interest in others Although he drives by himself he often speeds along in the carpool lane on the highway. How can you change an implicit attitude? The so-called illusory correlation can MOST directly help explain. Suppose that a coin is flipped 20 times. Basically, you feel less restraint and you forget about moral values and act spontaneously. The three types of social influence are information social influence, situational factors, and normative social influence. The researchers found that. D. low, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. You begin to feel that you should give up, as whatever you do does not seem to help your exam scores. D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. B. unrealistic optimism. . The false consensus effect is the tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors. B. self-serving bias . -people usually do not "adjust" enough away from their anchors. B. specific; inflated The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. Is this belief by millennials an example of the false uniqueness effect or false consensus effect? C. self-efficacy C. mirror-self One explanation for the false consensus effect is that people use their own attitudes and behaviors as "anchors" for predicting others' attitudes and behaviors. she makes an internal attribution for the $2000 earning, but an external attribution for the $3000 loss. She is convinced that everyone knows it was her. Review Later. A. individualistic -men and women seem to use different techniques to count sex partners, and seem to define "sex" slightly differently. This is known as: Informational social influence is influence that stems from our desire to be correct in situations in which the correct action of judgment is uncertain. According to the attribution theorist Harold Kelley, people make attributions for others' behaviors -according to the covariation principle. We and our partners store and/or access information on a device, such as cookies and process personal data, such as unique identifiers and standard information sent by a device for personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, and audience insights, as well as to develop and improve products. After answering all the other questions, he goes back to 31 and starts to believe that perhaps C was the right answer. Please select the correct language below. A. lifes satisfaction Bem's Self-Perception Theory proposes that when we are unsure of our attitudes, we use our behavior to infer our attitude. C. narcissists are more outgoing than those high in self-esteem B. collectivistic C. spotlight effect Which of the following is the best example of ironic processing interfering with attempted thought suppression? ", Dr. Canne wants to encourage Kirk to lose weight. D. self awareness, According to the text, self-esteem typically _____ in Japanese exchange students after they spend several months at a Canadian university. When asked whether it is more likely that Ingrid is (a) a teacher, or (b) both politically liberal and a teacher, most people answer (b). A. self-interest colors our social judgment. B. looking-glass self Write two or more paragraphs about ways older consumers can protect themselves from sellers who are not fair and honest. C. impression management If you assume it is because his car happened to break down right then and there, in the red zone, then you have made, The tendency for people to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the ease with which they can imagine or mentally visualize it is known as, A psychologist who performs research on social cognition would be MOST likely to study. C. self-worth This was early evidence of the phenomenon known as. He also drives a Ferrari and a Lamborghini, and only stays at top-tier hotels like the Ritz Carlton and the Four Seasons. made about groups, made about individuals. they tend to ignore that information, or else the information sparks conscious thought about the topic at hand. The false consensus effect in social psychology is a cognitive bias in which people overestimate how much others share their beliefs and behaviours. This is because many of them were extremely poor, did not own cars or phones, and did not have friends or family nearby; it was virtually impossible for them to evacuate the hurricane area when they heard the hurricane warnings. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. For example: Thinking that other people share your opinion on controversial topics; Overestimating the number of people who are similar to you; Now of days, more and more car purchasers are being deceived by attempting of purchasing a used car online, As stated the study indicates that negatively valenced words are primed faster than positively valenced words. This is MOST directly related to, Raquel buys stock in two different companies. the false uniqueness effect is quizlet dr thomas horn wikipedia. B. experience great difficulty This is known as: The simulation heuristic tends to invoke __________ thinking. B. negative light blockers for blinds bunnings; black and white fallacy examples in commercials; what scope do marine snipers use; does squat and cough work; the false uniqueness effect is quizlet C. self-schema Agreeing to a request is to _____ as obeying a command . We weren't able to detect the audio language on your flashcards. When people make external, unstable attributions for others' successes or failures, these attributions tend to concern questions of, Madisons is taking a freshman seminar at her university. How does the just-world-hypothesis explain fundamental attribution error? A. self-role D. the looking-glass self, Your self-esteem would correlate closely with what others think of you and your group if you were in a(n) ______ culture. C. lower; decrease If you think a person is uncooperative, you may act in an uncooperative way in your interactions with the person. The exam was really easy. 10/17/2017. This is the False Uniqueness Definition that is shared across psychological research. According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, people are MOST likely to make internal attributions for others' behaviors when. It is often attributed to a desire to view one's thoughts and actions as unusual, arising . What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? comprises his or her: What did the "Astroten" study demonstrate? This is an example of: The student is very independent and outspoken on their first meeting. A)Lying to a friend to avoid embarrassment. Many people don't quit smoking despite all the negative health information available. Our family and friends are more likely to be similar to us and share many of the same beliefs and behaviors. This may sound complicated, but it simply means . A. protecting one's self-image by creating an excuse for later failure It is more difficult to explain false uniqueness. D. traditionalists; progressives, When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions, research indicates that most people: the false uniqueness effect. Self-serving bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's successes to personal characteristics, and one's failures to factors beyond one's control. -people's general reluctance to do much extra thinking. Yet Joe persists in his belief that people from "up north" are snobby. Which of the following kinds of thinking can help explain the first instinct fallacy? it is more likely they will win the next hand than it actually is. Sociology is the study of groups of people. Her last relationship ended after 6 months and she is strongly motivated to make this relationship last longer. How does the "door-in-the-face" compliance technique work? What are the three types of social influence in regards to conformity?